We don’t know what gravity levels humans need for sustained good health. If Mars gravity is enough, we can settle there and become multiplanetary. But whatever gravity we need, we can also live in spinning facilities, in earth orbit and then in interplanetary space. We can test our response to Mars gravity by trying to settle Mars, or by living in a spinning station in LEO, at far lower costs and risks. I will explore the implications of both options.
Joe Carroll has worked in aerospace since 1981 and is now mostly retired. He developed the space tether systems used in SEDS, PMG, SEDS-2, TiPS, and TEPCE. His current focus is spinning space stations to evaluate human health in Moon and Mars gravity.
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